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老鹰捉小鸡作为一个老少皆宜的"小游戏",在国内外被广泛传播,有着国际范围的普遍认同价值。以这一小游戏为研究对象,对它的起源、传播规律和启示进行理论分析与归纳总结,凝练跨文化传播的理论架构。研究认为:1)"老鹰捉小鸡"起源于"尸毗救鸽"故事,是佛教在本土化传播过程中文化变迁的结果,这一推论比日本的"比比丘女"游戏提前了至少500年;2)它的传播是其文化特质被分离借取,在人类心理一致性的作用下被创新、再解释的过程。游戏过程的仪式化将隐喻内容融入其中,进一步促进了喻体的行为变迁,文化变迁得以成为自然的过程;3)"麻雀个体"理论是基于"老鹰捉小鸡"传播规律的理论升华,在人类的共性文化中必然还有着类似这一小游戏的文化特质,以"麻雀个体"的四要素为切入点,创新或寻找新的文化特质,必然对文化的跨区域传播或"一带一路"的民心工程建设大有裨益。
Abstract：The Eagle Catches the Chickens as a"Small Game"for all ages.It is widely spread at home and abroad and has an international"Great Identity"value.Taking this"Small Game"as the research object,theoretical analysis and summary of its origin,dissemination law and enlightenment,concise the theoretical framework of cross-cultural communication.The study believes that:1)The"Small Game"originated from the"King Sivi's Sacrifice"story,which is the result of the cultural acculturation of Buddhism in the process of localization.This inference is at least 500 years ahead of the Japanese"Hifukume"game.2)The spread of"Small Game"is a process in which its cultural traits are separated and borrowed,and they are innovated and reinterpreted under the influence of the Psychic Unity of Mankind.The ritualization of the game process integrates the metaphor content,further promotes the behavioral change of the metaphor,and the cultural acculturation thus become a natural process.3)The theoretical skeleton of the"Sparrow Individual"is a sublimation based on the the law of propagation of the"Small Game".In the common culture of mankind,there must be separable elements like the cultural traits of the"Small Game".Taking the four elements of"Sparrow Individual"as the entry point,innovating or finding new cultural traits,it will of great benefits to the cultural cross-regional diffusion around the world or the contribution of the popularity-winning project of The Belt and Road.
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(1)根据研究人员前往意大利普利亚Truddhi小镇的田野调查资料整理。
(1)人类的心理一致性假设指出:所有人无论文化或种族,都有着相同的基本心理和认知构成,我们都是一样的。这个假设最初是由德国人类学之父阿道夫·巴斯蒂安(Adolf Bastian)制定的,他是一位古典德国人文主义者和文化相对主义者,他相信文化差异的内在价值。巴斯蒂安把它传给了志同道合的学生弗朗兹博阿斯,他作为“美国人类学之父”,将其传给了他的所有学生。爱德华·泰勒(Edward B.Tylor)将它介绍给了19世纪的英国进化论人类学,在那里它成为了所有英国主要进化论者的捍卫者。
基本信息:
DOI：10.13598/j.issn1004-4590.2019.04.008
中图分类号:G898.1
引用信息:
[1]袁书营,王飞.“老鹰捉小鸡”游戏的起源与文化变迁分析[J].体育与科学,2019,40(04):53-61.DOI:10.13598/j.issn1004-4590.2019.04.008.
基金信息:
教育部人文社会科学研究项目《跨文化视域下“一带一路”与体育文化传播研究》,项目号:17YJC890041;; 国家社会科学基金项目《全民健身活动智慧化发展路径研究》,项目号:18BTY091
2019-07-02
2019
2020-03-27
2020
2019-07-10
1
2019-07-19
2019-07-19
2019-07-19